Gregor Mendel Father of genetics, discovered genetics by studying pea plants traits characteristics passed from parents to offspring heredity the passing of traits from parents to offspring genetics the scientific study of heredity chromosomes located in the nuclues of the cell contains the DNA inherited traits characteristics that are passed Read more…
What did Mendel do to study different traits in his genetics experiments? He cross-pollinated plants. Factors that control traits are called Genes Scientists call an organism that has two different alleles for a trait Hybrid What does the notationTT mean to genetics? Two dominant alleles What does the notation Tt Read more…
recessive The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. You must have two of this allele to get the trait. learned behavior an action that an animal develops by observing other animals or by being taught. It is not born with this behavior. Read more…
What are alleles? One of a number of different forms of a gene List the 4 basic principles of genetics that Mendel discovered in his experiments. Briefly describe each one. What is probability? How does probability relate to genetics? The likelihood that a particular event will occur In pea plants, Read more…
When the alleles for one trait segregate, they have no effect on other segregating alleles. This is known as? Independant assortment In some cases, two or more alleles may be dominant and both dominant alleles may show up in the offspring Codomimance Genes that have two or more alleles are Read more…
gene sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait trait specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another gene expression the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product (typically a protein) gene regulation a Read more…
trait variation of a particular inherited character genetics study of heredity cross-fertilization process by which sperm from one flower’s pollen fertilizes the eggs in a flower of a different plant hybrid offspring of two different true-breeding varieties monohybrid cross mating of two organisms that differ in only one character allele Read more…
Nucleotide 3 part structure that makes of nucleic acid molecules DNA and RNA nitrogen bases Often symbolized by bases first letter bases that bond together are complementary ex. AT CG DNA deoxyribonucleic acid carries genetic information from parent cell or parents egg and sperm cells controls a cell’s activities and Read more…
Allele A variation of a gene’s nucleotide sequence (an alternative form of a gene). Biotechnology Any procedure or methodology that uses biological systems or living organisms to develop or modify either products or processes for specific use. This term is commonly associated with genetic engineering, which is one of many Read more…
Genetics The scientific study of inheritance and human diseases Gene therapy Treating fatal inherited disorders informtion in the genetic code can cause what? Diseases BRCA gene tests for Breast or ovarian cancer BRCA1 and BRCA2 They are somewhere on DNA that makes a protein ALS Gentic test look for SOD1 Read more…
Alleles alternate forms or varieties of a gene. The alleles for a trait occupy the same locus or position on homologous chromosomes and thus govern the same trait. Amino acid organic molecules that are building block of proteins. There are 20 different kinds of amino acids in living things. Proteins Read more…
translational medicine genetic findings are directly translated into new and improved methods of diagnosis and treament The theory of epigenesis states that adult structures in the organism develop de novo from substances present in the egg In many species, there are two representatives of each chromosome. In such species, the Read more…
dominant A dominant trait or gene. recessive Non dominant. alleles A alleles is an alternate or different form of a gene. homozygous Genes that contain two dominant alleles or two recessive alleles are said to be homozygous. heterozygous Genes that possess one dominant allele and one recessive allele are said Read more…
Trait a characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes Heredity the passing of traits from parents to offspring Genetics the scientific study of heredity Purebred an organism that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent Gene a segment Read more…
How does genetics influence our lives? Affect our height, weight, hair color, pigmentation, and susceptibility to diseases and disorders. Contribute to our intelligence and personality. What is a gene? Unit of heredity; coded/noncoded information in DNA. Is genetics a new field of study? Yes and No .People have understood the Read more…
Cell Division Reproduction of a cell; Two “daughter” cells that result are genetically identical to each other and to the original “parent” cell. Chromosomes Structures that contain most of the cell’s DNA. Asexual Reproduction Does not involve fertilization of the egg by sperm; offspring are genetic duplicates of their single Read more…
Addition Rule See sum rule. Sum Rule – The probability of an event that can result from two or more equivalent outcomes. The probabilities of the contributing events are added, and their sum is the probability of the event in question. Also known as the addition rule. Anagenesis Phylogenetic evolution Read more…
cloning a method of reproduction used to copy a cell or an individual from their DNA allele the different forms of a trait dominant the trait that is expressed homozygous an organism with two alleles which are the same stemcell cells that have the remarkable potential to develop into many Read more…
Genes Discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses) Chromosome A cellular structure carrying genetic material that consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins Karyotype A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size Read more…
Genetics study of heredity Genome sum total of genetic material of an oraginism (chromosomes +mitochondria/chloroplasts and/or plasmids) Chromosomes DNA complexed with protein Gene fundamental unit of heredity responsible for a given trait Structural genes genes that code for protein Regulatory genes genes that control gene exprexssion Genotype all types of Read more…