Physiology the study of functions and processes that occur in the body Pathophysiology the study of the underlying changes in body physiology that result from disease or injury Homeostasis maintenance of constant conditions in the body’s internal environment stressors challenges to the body’s balance Compensation the return to homeostasis after Read more…
What is Pathophysiology? a science that provides understanding of disease mechanism and how/why physiology changes in body structure and function lead to clinical manifestations of disease. pathology study of disease physiology study of functions of living organism Prevention: Primary health promotion and protection to reduce/prevent incidence of disease ei: immunization, Read more…
Hyperplasia Increase in cell number. Cells retain normal structure. Causes of hyperplasia – hormone signaling (uterine lining) – increased functional workload (increased blood cells due to high altitude living) Hypertrophy Increase in cell size. Cells retain normal structure. Causes of Hypertrophy – hormonal signaling (breast cells for lactation) – increased Read more…
Identiy the 3 major parts of a cell plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus what is the function of the plasma membrane.? major structural feture is the phospholipid bilayer, also contains recptors and pores , allow for material passage and ingegrity of the cells what is the function of the cytoplasm? Read more…
the study of the causes of a disease Etiology a tissue in which the cells vary in size and shape Dysplasia when a group of cells in the body dies Necrosis wasting of skeletal muscle Atrophy ingestion of foreign material or cell debris by white blood cells (a bacterial capsule Read more…
Physiology Is the study of specific characteristics and functions of a living organism and its part. T/F Pathophysiology is the study of abnormalities in physiologic functions of living beings. True. T/F Pathophysiology is the physiology of altered health. True. T/F Pathophysiology is the structural and functional changes in cells, tissues, Read more…
How are the defenses of immunity divided? The defenses of immunity are divided into: 1. 1st line of defense 2. 2nd line of defense 3. 3rd line of defense First Line of Defense Innate resistance Second Line of Defense Inflammation Third Line of Defense Adaptive (acquired immunity) -normal immune response Read more…
Hypertrophy -increased size and functional capacity of cells -increased workload causes increase in size -will revert to normal if the cause is removed -ex: body buider–muscle mass Atrophy -decreased size and functional capacity -decrease use causes decreased size of cells examples: occurs in muscles, brain, and kidneys physiologic-uterus shrinkage post Read more…
Pathophysiology the study of underlying changes in body physiology that result from disease or injury. Etiology study of the cause of disease Clinical manifestations s/s, evidence of disease, local and systemic Risk factors predisposing) increase disease probability, but do not cause. Complications onset of disease while having an existing disease Read more…
Pathology the study of the structural (physical) changes in cells, tissues, and organs, due to disease or injury Pathophysiology the study of the physiological (functional) changes in cells, tissues, and organs, due to disease or injury Pathologist – diagnoses disease based upon structural and/or functional changes to aid in treatment, Read more…
Pathology A branch of medicine that deals with the structural and functional changes in tissues and organs of the body that cause or are caused by disease. Pathophysiology A specific branch of pathology that studies functional or physiologic changes in the body that results from disease processes. Anaerobic Metabolism and Read more…
etiology the study of the cause of disease (i.e. infections, heredity, alterations in immunity, malignancy, malnutrition, degeneration, or trauma) idiopathic cause of disease is unknown iatrogenic diseases that occur as a result of medical treatment example of iatrogenic antibiotic treatment that injures the kidney and results in renal failure is Read more…
ALS is also known as Lou Gehrig’s Disease Define: Amyotrophic muscle wasting Define: Scleorsis hardening Etiology -90%=unknown cause -10%=genetic/familial Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (FALS) Over 100 different SODI mutations have been seen in FALS but not all pts. with a SODI mutation develop FALS. Age 40-60 y/o Is the disease Read more…
AIDS a syndrome caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that renders immune cells ineffective, permitting opportunistic infections, malignancies, and neurologic diseases to develop; transmitted sexually or through contaminated blood HIV What enveloped RNA retrovirus infects CD4 T cells and uses the enzyme reverse transcriptase? HIV protease Enzyme coded for Read more…
Pathophysiology The study of the underlying changes in the body physiology that result from disease or injury Incidence the number of new cases occurring in a specific time period Prevalence the number of existing cases within a population during a specific time period Endemic regularly found among particular people or Read more…
Acute rapid onset Agenesis failure of a part to form properly Asymptomatic undetectable changes (even to patient) Atrophy wasting of tissues, organ, or the entire body Benign refers to mild character of an illness or non malignant character of neoplasm Chronic develops slowly and lingers Complication event occurring during a Read more…
2 Compartments of Body Fluid Intracellular Fluid and Extracellular Fluid Intracellular Fluid Comprises all the fluid contained within the cells. Extracellular Fluid Comprises all the fluid outside the cells including interstitial fluid (the space between cells and outside blood vessels) and intravascular fluid (blood plasma). Total Body Water (TBW) Sum Read more…
1. Define, use and apply the key terms listed in this chapter. 1. Pathophysiology 2. Disease 3. Pathogenesis 4. Risk Factors 5. Etiology 6. Nosocomial vs Iatrogenic 7. Clinical Manifestations 8. Sign vs Symptoms vs Asymptomatic 9. Precipitation factors (cause) 10. Local vs Systemic 11. Acute vs chronic vs subacute Read more…
Cardiac Dysrhythmia abnormal heart beating- rate is too fast or too slow Dysrhythmia Etiology damage to heart conduction system -heart attack System causes -fever -infection -drugs -electrolyte abnormalities Dysrhythmia Pathophysiology heart rat or rhythm becomes deviated -too fast: prevents inadequate filling during diastole -too slow: reduced output to the body Read more…
What is shock? – Inadequate oxygen delivery to the tissues – A condition of severe hemodynamic and metabolic dysfunction characterized by reduced tissue perfusion, impaired oxygen delivery and inadequate cellular energy production. 10 clinical Signs of Shock (5 to do with specifics, 5 to do with circulation) 1. Reduced level Read more…