Educational Psychology The study of learning and teaching Pedagogy The study of learning and teaching with the applications to the instructional process Intentionality Doing things for a purpose; teachers who use intentionality plan their actions based on the outcomes they want to achieve Principle Explanation of the relationship between factors Read more…
Development Orderly, adaptive changes we go through from conception to death. p.26 Different Aspects of Human Development Physical, Social, Personal, and Cognitive. p.26 Physical Development Changes in the body structure and function over time. p.26 Social Development Changes over time in how we relate to others. p.26 Personal Development Changes Read more…
Action Research systematic observations or tests of methods conducted by teachers or schools to improve teaching and learning for their students Case Study intensive study of one person or one situation Correlations statistical descriptions of how closely two variables are related Descriptive Studies studies that collect detailed information about specific Read more…
pedagogy The study of teaching and learning with applications to the instructional process. theory A set of principles that explains and relates certain phenomena. Behavioral learning theories Explanations of learning that emphasize observable changes in behavior. Social learning theories learning theories that emphasize not only reinforcement but also the effects Read more…
Equilibration the tendency to organize schemes to allow better understanding of experiences Reflective Teaching a way of teaching that blends artistic and scientific elements through thoughtful analysis of classroom activity Early-Maturing Boys boys whose early physical maturation typically draws favorable adults responses and promotes confidence and poise, thus contributing to Read more…
Academic Language The entire range of language used in elementary, secondary, and university-level schools including words, concepts, strategies, and processes from academic subjects. Balanced Bilingualism Adding a second language capability without losing your heritage language. Bilingual Speaking two languages and dealing appropriately with the two different cultures. Code-switching Moving between Read more…
language development -develop lang. ad children actively make sense of what they hear by looking for patterns and making up rules -built in biases and rules may limit the search and guide the pattern of recognition -reward and correction play a role in helping children learn correct lang. use play Read more…
Educational Psychology Branch of psychology that the specializes in understanding teaching and learning in educational settings Pioneers of educational psychology William James, John Dewey and E.L Thorndike William James Emphasized the importance of observing teaching and learning in classrooms for improving education. His recommendations was to start lesson at a Read more…
Between Class grouping Students are separated into classes bu ability level. -low ses and minorities are often placed in low ability settings which can lead to stigmatization. -research doesn’t support using this method of grouping;slight benefits for those in high track classes, but high levels of loss for those in Read more…
Individual Differences Diversity in abilities and characteristics (intellegence, personality, etc.) among students at a particular gender or cultural group. Differentiated Instruction Practice of individualizing instructional methods-and possibly also individualizing specific content and instructional goals-to align with each student’s existing knowledge, skills, and needs. Intellegence Ability to apply prior knowledge and Read more…
behaviorism theoretical perspective in which learning and behavior are described and explained in terms of stimulus-response relationships stimulus (S) specific object or event that influences an individual’s learning or behaivor response (R) specific behavior that an individual exhibits conditioning term commonly used by behaviorists for learning; typically involves specific environmental Read more…
development The pattern of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes that begins at conception and continue through the life span. Most development involves growth, although it also eventually involves decay (dying). nature-nurture issue Issue that involves the debate about whether development is primarily influenced by nature (an organism’s biological inheritance) or Read more…
Development “Includes 3 things” -Experience, learning, maturation -Orderly, continuous, & gradually Development “Definition” -Changes that occur in human beings as they grow from infancy to adulthood Principles of Development -Depends on both heredity & the environment -Proceeds in orderly & predictable patterns -Ppl develop at different rates Piaget’s Theory of Read more…
collective self-efficacy Teachers’ belief that they can positively impact student learning by working together. conventional consequences Consequences applied in a generic fashion and they are intended to serve as a form of punishment that deters future misbehavior. instructional consequences Consequences that teach students how to correct their behavior and provide Read more…
NCLB The No Child Left Behind Act was passed on January 8, 2002. The NCLB was a reauthorization of the ESEA p.5 ESEA The Elementary and Secondary Education Act was passed in 1965. p.5 What do William James, G Stanley Hall and John Dewy have in common with Socrates, Plato Read more…
Evaluation Judgement about qualities of student performance, teaching strategies, or large scale educational interventions based on comparing data with standards. Measurements An indicator of how much of a feature is present, expressed as a rank or a number. Assessment Procedures used to obtain information about student performance. Norm-references testing Testing Read more…
CHAPTER 11 Expert Knowledge: excellent knowledge about the content of a specific discipline. Pedagogical Content knowledge knowledge about HOW to TEACH a specific discipline Cognitive approach VS Computational approach in Math instruction Cognitive approach – emphasizes developing concept Computational approach – emphasizes speed & automaticity Cognitive VS Social constructivist approach Read more…
Development Orderly, adaptive changes we go through from conception to death Personal development Changes in personality that takes place as one grows Social development Changes over time in the ways we relate to others Cognitive development Gradual orderly changes by which mental processes (thinking, reasoning, decision-making) become more complex and Read more…
action research research carried out by educators in their own classrooms or school. control group group that receives no special treatment during experiment. correlational study research into the relationships between variables as they naturally occur. critical thinking evaluation of conclusions through logical and systematic examination of the problem, the evidence, Read more…
Social Learning theory theory that emphasizes learning through observations of others Social cognitive theory theory that adds concern with cognitive factors such as beliefs, self-perceptions and expectations to social learning theory Triarchic reciprocal causality an explanation of behavior that emphasizes the mutual effects of the individual and the environment on Read more…