7th grade Genetics Vocabulary

study of heredity

the passing of genes from parents to offspring

new organism produced by parent

genetic material in cells that contain information the organisms needs to grow, function and reproduce

organized structure that contains DNA

variation of a gene

Allele that is seen even if only one is present ; use capital letter

allele that is mask by dominate alleles and can only be seen if two are present; lower case letter; tt

physical characteristic

physical traits of an organism like having widow’s peak

organisms genes; Tt TT tt

two of the same alleles
TT or tt

two different alleles
Tt

organism with two different alleles

organism has the same alleles; always produce offspring with the same trait as parent

researched traits using pea plants; father of genetics

tool used to show family genetic history

involves one cell; daughter cells are identical to parent

involves two gametes; daughter cells are not identical to parent

cells grow out of the body of the parent

combining of a sperm and egg

eggs are fertilized inside the female

eggs are fertilized outside the female

number of chromosomes in human cells

number of chromosomes in sex cells (gametes)

all of the genes in one organism

new cells created asexually; grow back body parts

taking out a section of DNA and replacing

making a copy of a multicellular organisms with the same DNA

section of chromosome; code for a trait

a person that has the gene for a certain trait or genetic disorder

technique used to examine the DNA of an organism