CH 10 – Genetics

variation of a particular inherited character

study of heredity

process by which sperm from one flower’s pollen fertilizes the eggs in a flower of a different plant

offspring of two different true-breeding varieties

mating of two organisms that differ in only one character

alternative form of a gene

having identical alleles for a gene

having different alleles for a gene

descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that appears to be the only one affecting a trait

descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that does not appear to affect a trait

diagram showing the probabilities of the possible outcomes of a genetic cross

observable traits of an organism

genetic makeup or an organism; an organism’s combination of alleles

mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype with a homozygous recessive individual

mating of two organisms that differ in two characters

-inheritance in which heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes
-dominant gene isn’t completely dominant over the recessive gene
(Red + White = pink)

inheritance pattern in which a heterozygote expresses the distinct traits of both alleles (blood types LaLa, LaLo)

combined effect of two or more genes on a single character

generalization that genes are located on chromosomes and that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis and fertiliaztion accounts for inheritance patterns

specific location of a gene on a chromosome

tendency for alleles of genes on the same chromosome to be inherited together

gene located on a sex chromosome

offspring identical in appearance to itself generation after generation

The two alleles for a character segregate (separate) during the formation of gametes (sex cells), so that each gamete carries only one allele for each character

heritable factors retain their identity generation after generation