living environment genetics quiz
DNA
Deoxyribo Neucleic Acid. The blueprint of life. Instructions for making proteins
gene
a segment of dna with instructions to build a complete protein
trait
physical characteristics
phenotype
all the traits you can see
geneotype
genes that created the traits
heredity/inheritance
the passing of traits from parents to offspring
genetics
the scientific study of heredity
gregor mendel
father of genetics
genes
factors that control traits
alleles
different forms of a gene
purebred/homozygous
having two of the same alleles
hybrid/heterozygous
having 2 different alleles
dominant allele
the trait that always shows up
recessive allele
trait that gets covered/masked by the dominant allele
probability
likelyhood that a particular event will occur
ponnett square
a tool used to show all of the possible off spring in a genetic cross
incomplete dominance
the heterozygous phenotye is somewhere in between the two homozygous phenotypes
codominance
neither allele is dominant both alleles are expressed in hybrids
meiosis
a type of cell division which produces a sperm and egg
asexual reproduction
1 parent, all genes come from that one parent
sexual reproduction
2 parents, a pair of genes control each trait one from mom one from dad
gamete
sex cell
fertilization
when sperm and egg comes together
zygote
fertilized egg
diploid
cells with both sets pf homologous chromosomes
haploid
a cell with a single set of chromosomes
homologous chromosomes
a chromosome pair where one came from the mother and one came from the dad
law of segregation
alleles of each gene seperate from each other during meiosis
meiosis and sexual reproduction
produces genetic diversity
law of independent assortment
alleles separate independently
crossing over
homologous chrimosomes will sometimes swap ends during meiosis
alfred hershey and martha chase
researched dna
double helix
twisted ladder dna shape