Project Management- Chapter 6
What do the Project Time Management processes ensure?
The timely completion of a project.
What are 2 methods for schedule compression
Crashing: Adding resources to critical path activities
Fast tracking: Applying a lead to activities that would typically start only after precedent activities are finished
Fast tracking: Applying a lead to activities that would typically start only after precedent activities are finished
What are 3 ways to graphically depict a project schedule/
Network diagram
Bar chart or Gantt chart
Milestone chart
Bar chart or Gantt chart
Milestone chart
What does a network diagram show, and what does it not show?
It shows the project’s scheduled activities and the logical relationships among those activities. it might or might not show the duration for each activity.
It does NOT show the start and finish dates of the project, nor the resources needed for the activities.
Decomposition, rolling wave planning, and expert judgment are tools and techniques for which process?
Define activities
The schedule baseline, project schedule, schedule data, project calendars, project management plan updates, and project documents updates are outputs of which Project Time Management process?
Develop Schedule
How is total float calculated?
How is free float calculated?
How is free float calculated?
Total Float:
LS-ES
LF-EF
Free Float
ESsuccessor – EF predecessor
LS-ES
LF-EF
Free Float
ESsuccessor – EF predecessor
What is meant by the terms “work effort” and “duration”?
Work effort: The total number of labor units required to complete an activity, typically stated in person hours, person days, person weeks, etc.
Duration: The number of work periods that it will take to complete an activity.
Duration: The number of work periods that it will take to complete an activity.
What are the 6 project Time Management processes and which Process Groups do they fit in?
Define activities/Planning
Sequence activities/planning
Estimate activity resources/planning
estimate activity durations/planning
develop schedule/planning
control schedule/Monitoring and controlling
Sequence activities/planning
Estimate activity resources/planning
estimate activity durations/planning
develop schedule/planning
control schedule/Monitoring and controlling
What are the characteristics of the project schedule?
it is calendar based.
It has resources assigned
It is signed off as part of the project management plan
it forms the basis for measuring schedule performance
It has resources assigned
It is signed off as part of the project management plan
it forms the basis for measuring schedule performance
What is meant by the terms “lead” and “lag”?
Lag: The amount of time whereby a successor activity is required to be delayed with respect to a predecessor activity
Lead: The amount of time whereby a successor activity can be advanced with respect to a predecessor activity
Lead: The amount of time whereby a successor activity can be advanced with respect to a predecessor activity
What are 4 types of dependencies or precedence relationships?
Finish to start
Finish to finish
Start to start
Start to finish
Finish to finish
Start to start
Start to finish
Which activities have no slack or float?
Typically, the activities on the critical path have no float or slack; therefore, the project manager needs to watch these activities more closely than others that have float or scheduling flexibility.
What are the 4 inputs for the Define Activities process?
Schedule management plan
Scope baseline
Enterprise environmental factors
Organizational process assets
Scope baseline
Enterprise environmental factors
Organizational process assets
What are the 3 outputs of the Define Activities process
Activity list
Activity attributes
Milestone list
Activity attributes
Milestone list
What is the formula for the three-point estimate, PERT
Te =(To+4Tm+Tp)
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What is reserve analysis?
An analytical technique to determine the essential features and relationships of components in the project management plan to establish a reserve for the schedule duration, budget, estimated cost, or funds for a project.
What are two specific types of network diagrams?
AON (activity on node)
AOA (activity on arrow)
AOA (activity on arrow)
What are some risks of crashing or fast-tracking a project schedule?
Increased costs
Unrealistic alternatives
Communication challenges
Unrealistic alternatives
Communication challenges
What is decomposition?
A technique used for dividing and subdividing the project scope and project deliverables into smaller, more manageable parts.
What is the purpose of a resource calendar?
To show when, and for how long, resources (such as equipment, people, and materials) are potentially available.
Expert judgment, alternatives analysis, published estimating data, bottom-up estimating, and project management software re tools and techniques for which project time management process?
Estimate Activity Resources
What are the five tools and techniques for the Estimate Activity Durations process?
Expert judgment
Analogous estimating
Parametric estimating
Three-point estimates
Group decision-making techniques
Reserve analysis
Analogous estimating
Parametric estimating
Three-point estimates
Group decision-making techniques
Reserve analysis
What are contingency reserves?
A budget within the cost baseline or performance measurement baseline that is allocated for identified risks that are accepted and for which contingent or mitigating responses are developed.
What are 4 types of dependencies?
Mandatory
Discretionary
External
Internal
Discretionary
External
Internal
What is the PMI definition of critical path?
The sequence of activities that represents the longest path through a project, which determines the shortest possible duration.
What is rolling wave planning?
An iterative planning technique in which the work to be accomplished in the near term is planned in detail, while the work in the future is planned at a higher level.
What are the typical activities of variance analysis?
Look at the baseline and the actual differences
Determine the cause of the differences
Determine whether corrective action is necessary
Determine the cause of the differences
Determine whether corrective action is necessary
Activity duration estimates and project documents updates are the outputs for which Project Time Management process?
Estimate Activity Durations
What are the 7 tools and techniques for the Control Schedule process?
Performance reviews
Project management software
Resource optimization technique
Modeling techniques
Leads and lags
schedule compression
Scheduling too
Project management software
Resource optimization technique
Modeling techniques
Leads and lags
schedule compression
Scheduling too
What is resource leveling?
Resources leveling: A technique in which start and finish dates are adjusted based on resource constraints with the goal of balancing demand for resources with available supply.
Heuristics examples:
Work can be leveled only between resources of the same type or same skill level.
Critical path activities have priority in leveling over noncritical path activities.
Heuristics examples:
Work can be leveled only between resources of the same type or same skill level.
Critical path activities have priority in leveling over noncritical path activities.