Chem Quiz- Nuclear Chemistry

x= Atom’s symbol

Mass number of atom (protons+ neutrons

number of protons (atomic number)

charge (protons + electrons)

the middle

the top right

the top left

the bottom left

(isotope 1 mass)x + (isotope 2 mass)1-x = the avererage mass (what you see in the periodic table)

– use dimesional analysis to find the amount of half lives its been through (Can be less than one)

amount left = (starting mass)(1/2)^ # of half lives it has went through

– slims down but getting rid or 2 protons and 2 neutrons

beta particles shot out of the original isotope , lower number of neutrons but increase number of protons

neutron turning into a proton

pulling things in
helps when atoms have to many protons and not enough neutrons
PROTON TURNS INTO NEUTRON

mass number stays the same , the new neutron cnacels out the proton

the atomic number goes down by one

the amount of time for half of a radioactive sample to decay

for atoms to become stable

The splitting of an atom into many pieces, few atoms naturally do this (U-235 does)

the combination of two lighter atoms into a larger one

the outermost electrons (s and p) of an atom

moderators slow down the reaction- moderates neutrons, inserted into the reactor core

Used to control the fission rate and are capable at absorbing many neutrons without themselves fissioning

refers to the penetrating rays and particles emitted by a radiation source

net positive charge experienced by an electron

increases

Increase bc while the atomic number is increasing while the inner core electrons are constant
– the shielding effect is constant

attraction between an electron and nucleus (as long as it has multiple shells)

constant

constant bc the atomic number and number of core electrons increases

The are inverses, so as effective nuclear charge increases, the atomic radius decreases (bc the valence electrons are drawn in closer due to the larger nuclear charge)

decreases from left to right

increases down a group

as you move down more energy levels are added so then you get a bigger radius

Ionization energy is the amount of energy it takes for a valence electron to be removed

due to the fact that a negatively charged electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus

Bc the noble gases have perfect outer energy shells which makes them hard to break

decreases

increases

a measure of a tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons

sharing of a pizza, unfair sharing (the bigger person eats more bc they can, if 2 people were sharing a pizza)

decreases as we move down

increases as you move right

S,F,D, and P

when atoms lose electrons then they become more positive, Cations are always smaller than uncharged parent atoms

a series of elements that all have the same electron configuration