Chem 102 ( Organic Chemistry) Exam 1
methane
CH4
ethane
C2H6
propane
C3H8
butane
C4H10
pentane
C5H12
Hexane
C6H14
Heptane
C7H16
Octane
C8H18
Nonane
C9H20
Decane
C10H22
alkanes
contains only single bonds
cycloalkanes
alkanes with carbon bonded in rings
alkenes
contains atlas one double bond
alkynes
contains atlas one triple bond
Two types of hydrocarbons
aliphatic and aromatic
number of bonds (H, F, Cl, Br)
1
number of bonds (O)
2
number of bonds (N)
3
number of bonds (C)
4
molecular formula
gives the number of each type of atom
isomers
two or more different molecules with the same molecular formula
constitutional isomers
differ in order of connection of atoms
stereoisomers
same order of connection but different arrangement in space (3D)
Geometric isomers
different arrangement of groups in a ring or on a double bond
staggered
lower energy
eclipsed
higher energy
cis
same
trans
opposite
weakest intermolecular force
London forces
strongest intermolecular force
hydrogen bonding
3 types of intermolecular forces
hyddrogen bonding
London forces
dipole-dipole interactions
London forces
dipole-dipole interactions