CCC Chemistry Unit 1 Test
Chemistry is the study of……and the……it undergoes.
matter……changes
Matter is anything that has…..and takes up…….
mass…..space
What is matter? What is not?
People, air, buildings.
Light, heat, sound.
Light, heat, sound.
Define Organic Chemistry
study of compounds containing carbon
Define Inorganic Chemistry
study of substances that generally don’t contain matter
Define Analytical Chemistry
the study of the composition of matter
Define Physical Chemistry
study of rate and energy transfer that happens when matter changes
Define Biological Chemistry
study of the processes that take place in organisms
What type of chem. is this: determining the boiling point of a liquid
Physical
What type of chem. is this: finding out how much nitrogen is in a sample
analyitical
What type of chem is this: learning about the chemistry of an iron ore
inorganic
What type of chem is this: studying the process of photosynthesis
biochemistry
What type of chem is this: synthesizing sucrose, a substance that contains carbon
organic
How is pure chemistry different than applied? Is there overlap?
Pure is for exploration, and applied is for a purpose. The overlap is that pure can become applied.
Who is the French scientist who revolutionized chemistry?
Antone-Laurent Lavoiser
How did Antone-Laurent Lavoiser revolutionize chemistry?
He invented the law of conservation of energy, and he invented a scale that could measure down to the nearest 0.0005 grams
Whats the first step to the scientific method?
Making observations
How is a scientific theory different than a law?
Theories attempt to exlpain, a law is a statement of observation.
Scientists often learn as much from an incorrect hypothesis as they do from one that is correct. Why?
If it’s incorrect, you narrow down your options for the correct hypothesis.
What’s another name for the independent variable?
manipulated variable
Whats another name for the dependent variable?
responding variable
A pure substance has a…….composition.
definite
Why do all samples of a substance have the same intensive properties?
They have the same chemical composition.
Define a physical property.
a trait that you can see without changing the chemical composition.
Describe a solid
Matter that has definite volume and a definite shape.
Describe a liquid
Matter that has a definite volume and no definite shape
Describe a gas
Matter that has no definite volume and no definite shape
Physical changes do not change the…….of substances.
chemical composition
Give an example of a reversible physical change.
Melting
Give an example of an irreversible physical change.
Ripping a piece of paper
Describe the difference between a mixture and a pure substance.
A mixture is not chemical, substances are. Substances also have a definite composition.
What’s the difference between a heterogeneous mixture and a homogenous mixture?
A heterogenous mixture is not uniform and can easily be taken apart, like a salad. A homogenous mixture is uniform, and you cannot see the different parts.
Give and example of a heterogenous mixture and a homogenous mixture.
pizza; salt water
How could you separate a saltwater mixture?
evaporate the water
What’s the difference between an element and a compound?
A compound is two or more elements bonded together, and an element is something that can’t be further broken down.
Give two examples of a compound
H2O and CO2
Give two examples of an element.
H (hydrogen) O (oxygen)
List four indications that a chemical change has taken place.
New Substances: new texture, new color, new smell, bubbling, change in temperature
What kind of change occurs when a mixture is separated into its components?
Physical; because you aren’t chemically changing the components.
What kind of change occurs when a compound is separated into its components?
Chemical; because you’re breaking the bonds of the compounds.
Physical or chemical change: bending a piece of wire.
physical
Physical or chemical change: burning coal.
chemical
Physical or chemical change: melting ice.
physical
Physical or chemical change: a rusting nail.
chemical
A friend tells you that,”Because composition does not change during a physical change, the appearance of a substance doesn’t change.” Is your friend correct? Why?
No, because if the state of the matter changes then it will look different, but that is still a physical change.
Based on the law of conservation of mass, how does the mass of reactants compare with the mass of products in a given reaction?
It will be equal.