Chemistry Chapter 1

study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the process that matter undergoes, and the the energy changes that are accompany in these processes

study of most carbon containing compounds

study of non-organic substances, many of which have organic fragments bonded of metals

study of properties and changes of matter and their relation to energy

identification of the components and composition of materials

the study of substances and processes occurring in living things

use of mathematics and computers to understand the principles behind observed chemical behavior and to design and predict new compounds

any substance that has a define composition

carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge

generally carried out to solve a problem

measure of amount of matter

can be defined as anything that has mass and takes up space

smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of other elements

T/F atoms are the building blocks of matter

pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler stable substances and is made of one type of atom

a substance that can be broken down into simple stable substance

T/F compounds are made of one element that are chemically bonded

smallest unit of an element or compound retains all properties of element or compound

T/F all substances have characteristic properties

depend on the amount of matter that is present

do not depend on the amount of matter present

list properties

characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance

properties of physical property

change into a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substances

examples of physical change

physical change of a substance from one state to another

state has defined volume and shape

definite volume but an indefinite shape

state has neither definite volume nor shape

high temperature physical state of matter which atoms lose most of their electrons

relates to a substances ability to undergo changes that transform it into a different substances

change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

substances that react in a chemical change

substances that are formed by chemical change

T/F energy can be absorbed or released and is created and destroyed

T/F matter can be a pure substance or mixture

blend of two or more kinds of matter each of which its own identity and properties

mixture that are uniform in composition

homogeneous mixtures also called

mixture that are not uniform though out

has fixed composition

T/F in every pure substance sample of a given substance has different characteristics

T/F every sample of pure substance has same composition

vertical columns of period table

T/F families have elements with different chemical properties

horizontal of elements in periodic table

T/F periods have physical and chemical change regulatory

element is a good electrical conductor and heat conductor

metals have these characteristics

elements poor conductors of heat and electricity

element that has some characteristics of metal and nonmetals

the branch of chemistry that involves the study of substances and processes occurring in living things is called
A. biochemistry
B. organic chemistry
C. physical chemistry
D. theoretical chemistry

the branch of chemistry that deals with substances containing carbon is called
A. biochemistry
B. organic chemistry
C. physical chemistry
D. analytical chemistry

using mathematical models and computer models to understand a chemical principle is an example of
A. biochemistry
B. physical chemistry
C. analytical chemistry
D. theoretical chemistry

a team of scientists is working with living cells to determine how a certain enzyme functions within the cells. they are most likely working in a field of
A. biochemistry
B. physical chemistry
C. inorganic chemistry
D. theoretical chemistry

two chemistry students are investigating the properties of quartz crystals. they are most likely studying in the field of
A. biochemistry
B. physical chemistry
C. organic chemistry
D. inorganic chemistry

the definition of a chemical is
A. a toxic substance made in a laboratory
B. an unnatural material added to foods
C. any substance that has a definite composition
D. anything that has mass and takes up space

the goal of basic research is to
A. find a solution to a particular problem
B. produces new chemicals
C. increase knowledge
D. discover new technologies

a scientist is working on a developing refrigerators that do not release chemicals that destroy the ozone layer. this is the best example of
A. basic research
B. applied research
C. technological development
D. biochemistry

technological application often
A. occur by accident
B. degrade our quality of life
C. lag far behind basic and applied research
D. have little effect on our lives