9th grade Earth Science ~ Astronomy Test Review
stellar nebula
first phase of a star’s life cycle
average star and massive star
stellar nebula splits into which two categories?
red giant
next star phase after average star is ______ ________
planetary nebula
after red giant is _______ ________
white dwarf
after planetary nebula is ______ ________, also the last phase of this kind of star
red super giant
phase after massive star
supernova
phase after red super giant
neutron star and black hole
supernova splits into _______ and ________, also the last phases of this kind of star
rotation
spinning of a moon or planet on its axis
revolution
planets movement around a star or moons movement around a planet
orbit
path of planet or moon
elliptical orbit
our solar system has this kind of orbit
winter solstice
December 21-22, shortest amount of sunlight
summer solstice
June 20-22, longest amount of sunlight
equinoxes
March 20-21 & September 22-23, equator gets 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness
perigee
moon is closest to Earth
apogee
moon is farther from Earth
Perihelion
Earth is closest in orbit to sun
Aphelion
Earth is farthest in orbit from the sun
Sputnik 1 launched into space by Russia
October 4, 1957
Russia launches dog into space
Nov. 3, 1957
Explorer 1 is first US satellite
Feb 1, 1958
Vanguard 1 launched
March 17, 1958
NASA was formed
Oct 1, 1958
Russia sends firsts man to space
April 12, 1961
first American launched into space
May 5, 1961
President Kennedy starts race for moon
1962
First women sent into space (Russian)
June 16, 1963
first person leaves space craft
March 18, 1965
Apollo II lands on moon
July 20, 1969
Apollo 13 has problems
April 11, 1970
Apollo 14 lands on moon
Jan. 31, 1971
Skylab began 12 year experiment
1973
US & Russian members meet in space
July 1975
NASA tests first space shuttle
Aug. 12, 1978
NASA sent shuttle into space
1981
Challenger blasts off, 4 hour space walk
April 4, 1983
First US women in space
June 18, 1983
Discover takes 3 communicator satellites
Aug. 30, 1984
Atlantis become the 5 shuttle sent to space
Oct. 3, 1985
Challenger blows up
Jan. 28, 1986
Endeavour launched to replace Challenger
1992
construction starts on International Space Station
1998
Columbia blows up
Feb. 1, 2003
Construction on International Space Station ends
2011
Mercury
first planet
Venus
second planet
Earth
Third planet
Mars
fourth planet
Jupiter
fifth planet
Saturn
sixth planet
Uranus
seventh planet
Neptune
eighth planet