AP Human Geography Rubenstien’s Ch. 1 Vocab

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Agricultural density
ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture
base line
east / west line designated under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the USA
concentration
spread of something over a given area
culture
body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group of people’s distinct tradition
density
frequency with which something exists in a given unit of area
diffusion
process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another
distribution
arrangement of something across earth’s surface
environmental determinism
a 19 and early 20th century approach to the study of geography that argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences; therefore the study of how the physical environment caused human activities
formal region
AKA UNIFORM/HOMOGENOUS REGION; area in which everyone shares one or more distinctive characteristics
functional region
AKA NODAL REGION; area organized around a node or focal point
Greenwich Mean Time
time in that time zone encompassing the prime meridian, or 0° longitude
hearth
region from which innovative ideas originate
Land Ordinance of 1785
law that divided much of the USA into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers
location
position of anything on earth’s surface
map
2D, or flat, representation of earth’s surface, or a portion of it
pattern
geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area
place
specific point on earth distinguished by a particular character
polder
land created by the Dutch by draining water from an area
possibilism
theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have to ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives
Prime Meridian
0° longitude which passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England
Principal Meridian
North / South line designated in the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the USA
projection
system used to transfer locations from earth’s surface to a flat map
regional studies
AKA CULTURAL LANDSCAPE; an approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area
section
a square 1 mile per side; Land Ordinance of townships in the US into 36 different sections
space
physical gap or interval between two objects
space-time compression
reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems
toponym
name given to a portion of earth’s surface
township
square normally 6 miles on a side; Land Ordinance of 1785 divided much of the USA into a series of townships
transnational corporation
company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters are located
uneven development
increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy
Categories: Geography