Chapter 24 Test Notes .

Too Risky, Too Costly, Private Investors would not accept, It is impossible to serve military and postal needs w/o government help .

built railroads with government help .

providing railroad corporations with land grants .

James Hill ,Cornelius Vanderbilt &&Leland Standford .

The Great Northern .

one by-product of the growth railroads .

helping to spur the amazing industrialization of the post Civil War yearss .

the major rail lines wanted fixed times so they could keep schedules and avoid wrecks .

agreements between railroad corporations to divide the business in a given area and share the profits .

in order to avoid competition .

to regulate the monopolizing the practices of railroad corporations .

was an effort to protect the public interest from business combinations .

represented the first large scale attempt by the federal government to regulate business .

the plentiful supply of unskilled labor in the United States helped build the nation into an industrial giant .

eliminating as much competition as possible .

Andrew Carnegie, Rockefeller through trust && J. P. Morgan .

in steel .

in oil .

in banking .

in tobacco .

Henry Bessemer .

the method of interlocking directorates .

the placing of officers of his bank on the boards of supposedly independent companies that he wanted control .

United States Steel .

kerosene .

the growth of the oil industry .

Employing Spies, Extorting rebates from railroads, Pursuing a policy of rule or ruin &&Using a high pressure sales methods .

godliness with riches .

the wealthy should display moral responsibility for their God-given money .

to protect ex slaves to protect corporate regulation by states .

to curb the power of labor unions .

the South remained overwhelmingly rural and agricultural .

cheap labor .

tax benefits and cheap nonunion labor .

a source of steady work and wages .

was the need for them to adjust their lives to the time clock .

was the one group most affected by the new industrial age .

Economic swings, Employers’ whims , Sudden unemployment &&Illness and accident .

a romantic ideal of the independent and athletic new woman .

worked for economic necessity .

to manipulate workers .

Tended to support corporations .

National Labor Union, Knights of Labor, && the American Federation of Labor .

a social reform union killed by the depression of the 1870s .

the ‘one big union’ that championed producer cooperatives and industrial arbitration .

an association of unions pursuing higher wages, shorter working hours, and better working conditions .

able to win an eight hour work day for federal workers .

barred Chinese from its membership ranks , believed that the conflict between capital , that labor would disappear when labor would own, and operate business and industries .

that republican traditions and institutions could be preserved from corrupt monopolies by strengthening the economic and political independence of the workers .

was its lack of class consciousness .

the most effective and most enduring labor union of the post Civil War period .

the vast majority of employers continued to fight organized labor in spite of growth of labor unions .

the captains of industry mostly built their corporate wealth and power by exploiting workers .

A large pool of unskilled labor, An abundance of natural resources, &&American ingenuity and inventiveness .